Brennen McKenzie, MA, MSc, VMD, director of veterinary medicine at Loyal, a biotechnology company focusing on extending the healthy lifespan of dogs, shares medications the company is developing.

How one biotechnology company is working to extend the lifespan of dogs

As research into the biology of aging advances, veterinary medicine is beginning to explore therapies designed not only to treat age-related disease but also to slow the process of aging itself. In this interview with 

, Brennen McKenzie, MA, MSc, VMD, director of veterinary medicine at Loyal, discusses experimental drug programs that are under development to support healthy aging in dogs.

McKenzie outlines 2 programs Loyal is currently working on: medications targeting growth-related hormones in large-breed dogs to slow accelerated aging and a drug designed to address 

 to help delay age-related disease. Coinciding with this work, Loyal recently announced 

 for LOY-002, a once-daily pill that targets age-related metabolic dysfunction in senior dogs. If approved, Loyal says it would be the first FDA-authorized drug specifically indicated for lifespan extension in any species.

The following is a transcript of the video, lightly edited for clarity and cohesion:

Hi, I'm Brennen McKenzie. I'm a small-animal veterinarian, and I am currently part-time in private practice, where I've been for almost 25 years now, and the director of veterinary medicine for Loyal, which is a biotechnology company based in San Francisco, [California]. Our mission is [to develop] medications to try to extend the healthy lifespan of dogs.

 Are there any emerging therapies that you know of that support healthy aging in dogs?

Well, at Loyal, for example, we're working on a couple of different programs for medications to hopefully support healthy aging. One is looking at large-breed dogs. We know that the larger a dog is, the shorter their lifespan, and that's a consequence of the fact that we've bred them very intensively for body size, and [an adverse] effect of that has been a chronic overexpression of some growth-related hormones. Some of these giant-breed dogs essentially have a growth disorder. We’ve created an acromegaly of a sort, and that has a lot of negative effects on the pace of aging. They age at an accelerated rate.

One of our programs is developing some medications to lower what's called insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1]. IGF-1 is one of those growth hormones. And…after they're fully grown, if we can lower those levels for the rest of their life to something more like a small- or medium-sized dog, we might be able to slow that abnormally accelerated aging. That's one program.

The other is a medication that we're developing specifically to target metabolic dysfunction. As I mentioned, we know from studies of caloric restriction that treating insulin sensitivity and other aspects of metabolic dysfunction is really effective in delaying age-related disease and extending healthy lifespan. But it's really hard to do that, both for psychological reasons—because food is love—and because if you don't appropriately calorically restrict, you can overdo it and create malnutrition, which is not healthy. So we think that medications that mimic some of the same effects of caloric restriction may get some of those benefits as a safer and more practical strategy.

Crossley KC. Lifespan extension drug in development for senior dogs reaches a new milestone. 

. January 13, 2026. Accessed January 13, 2026. https://www.dvm360.com/view/lifespan-extension-drug-in-development-for-senior-dogs-reaches-a-new-milestone

Videos

Comprehensive oral health assessment and treatment are widely recognized as a cornerstone of veterinary patient care, recommended annually for companion animals. Dental health in pets is not merely cosmetic; it is intimately linked to systemic health, with untreated periodontal disease contributing to conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, and respiratory disorders.

The significance of periodontal disease is often subclinical and undetectable on routine oral exams until it has progressed significantly and silently, increasing the amount of dental work needed, the patient’s time under anesthesia, and thus the degree of pain and the patient’s anesthetic risk. Furthermore, the common practice of deferring dental intervention often results in a patient population that is older with comorbidities, necessitating careful anesthetic planning and more diligent perioperative management. 

Barriers and solutions to providing routine veterinary dental care

Primary factors that limit routine dental care in veterinary patients include client fears of anesthesia, especially in the older and medically compromised patient, the veterinary team's lack of confidence in treating higher-risk patients, financial apprehension among veterinary staff, which often leads to subjective assumptions regarding a client’s willingness or ability to invest in recommended care, and genuine financial constraints.

Education and transparent communication are critical to overcoming these barriers. Clients are more likely to consent to recommended procedures when they trust the veterinary team and understand the rationale behind anesthesia and dental care. A 2006 study indicates that veterinary compliance is primarily driven by the strength of the human-animal bond and effective communication rather than client income or service costs. Given that most clients decline recommendations because of a perceived lack of necessity from their provider, rather than financial constraints, comprehensive clinical education is the primary driver of treatment compliance. By strengthening the client-veterinarian bond through better communication, practices can increase compliance by as much as 40%, particularly among underserved populations such as feline patients.

Additionally, client anxiety surrounding anesthesia can be minimized by educating clients about your clinic's advanced monitoring devices, development of individualized protocols, and low anesthesia-related mortality rates (0.1%-0.7% for American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] class I-II patients; 1%-4% for ASA class III-IV patients).

 This may require additional, focused team training in anesthesia and/or the hiring of a board-certified anesthesiologist to provide consultation or direct patient monitoring during the procedure.

A comprehensive history and physical exam are the cornerstones for appropriate and safe anesthetic planning. The identification of comorbidities (cardiac, renal, hepatic, endocrine) and review of medications inform protocol selection. Annual and preanesthetic bloodwork screen for early detection and subclinical disease, guiding risk assessment and legal defense in case of adverse outcomes. Thoracic radiographs, electrocardiograms (ECGs), +/- a cardiac ultrasound should be recommended for patients with cardiac murmurs, abnormal cardiac rhythm/pulse deficits, or known or suspected pulmonary disease, as well as for brachycephalic patients.

Adjustments to chronic medications (eg, withholding antihypertensives or anticoagulants), previsit anxiolytics, and gastrointestinal prophylaxis may be necessary. Protocols such as the 

 (gabapentin, melatonin, acepromazine) reduce stress in anxious dogs; gabapentin or trazodone is often used for cats.

 Brachycephalic breeds require special consideration due to potential airway, gastrointestinal, and aspiration risks.

Preoxygenation before induction increases oxygen reserves and improves safety during apnea.

 Initial monitoring (ECG, NIBP) establishes baseline vitals. Anesthetic protocols should be individualized, taking into account the patient’s age, breed, comorbidities, and the type of procedure. A multimodal approach with minimal cardiovascular and respiratory depression is preferred, aiming for anxiolysis, analgesia, muscle relaxation, and immobility.

Guidelines for small animal anesthetic monitoring have been established by the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia for 2025.

 It is recommended that the following key vital signs be monitored and documented on a monitoring form every 5 minutes. Key recommendations are as follows:

Dedicated person to monitor patient/anesthesia

Digital rectal or esophageal temperature monitoring (every 15 minutes)

Blood pressure monitoring, ECG, and capnography

Assessment of mm color, ventilation effort, and SpO

Prolonged anesthesia (lasting more than 2 to 3 hours) increases the risk of potential complications.

Cases requiring more extensive intervention should be staged on a case-by-case basis.

May cause dysrhythmias, myocardial depressive effects, reduced hepatic metabolism, coagulopathies, prolonged recoveries, and more. Prevention includes proactive prewarming, active warming devices, and maintaining appropriate room temperatures.

SAP greater than 90 mmHg and MAP greater than 60 to 70 mmHg are recommended. Multimodal drug protocols and individualized fluid therapy help minimize risk; inotropes and vasopressors may be required for refractory cases.

Dental procedures carry a higher risk of tracheal injury due to frequent repositioning, overinflation of the endotracheal tube (ET), and ET manipulation.

Ocular trauma is a potential risk during dental procedures for a multitude of reasons. Additionally, tear production decreases significantly under anesthesia; thus, conscious protection of the cornea and lubrication (every 30 minutes), avoiding contact with the cornea, is recommended.

Effective pain management is crucial for recovery and quality of life. Dentistry often involves both acute and chronic pain, requiring a multimodal approach.

Pure μ-opioids (methadone, morphine, hydromorphone) provide profound analgesia and are preferred for extensive dental procedures. Partial agonists (buprenorphine) are suitable for moderate pain. Butorphanol offers sedation but minimal analgesia and is not recommended for dental surgery.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are mainstays for inflammatory pain in dogs and cats, but their usage should be based on individual needs and comorbidities. The author recommends the use of perioperative IV fluid therapy and NSAIDs to be given in the recovery period after the patient has been hydrated and deemed to be normotensive. Galliprant offers targeted anti-inflammatory effects on the EP4 receptor, with fewer potential adverse effects. It may be of benefit to dogs when traditional NSAIDs cannot be used.

Locoregional blocks provide profound pain control and reduce the need for inhalants. Local anesthetics block nerve impulse transmission and nociception and should be used when dental extractions or oral surgery will be performed, and there are no other contraindications (eg, neoplasia, coagulopathies, etc).

One critical morbidity and mortality study showed that postoperative deaths accounted for 47% of anesthetic-related deaths in dogs and 61% in cats, and nearly half of those occurred in the first 3 hours after extubation.

 Close monitoring and maintenance of normothermia are crucial in the postoperative period.

 serves as vice president of medical operations for Thrive Pet Healthcare, as well as national specialty director of anesthesia and analgesia and chair of the National Specialty Directors. She is board-certified in veterinary anesthesia and analgesia and holds advanced certifications in veterinary medical acupuncture, canine rehabilitation, pain management, and extracorporeal therapies.

Lohiya DV, Mehendale AM, Lohiya DV, Lahoti HS, Agrawal VN. Effects of periodontitis on major organ systems.

. 2023;15(9):e46299. doi:10.7759.cureus.46299

Lue TW, Pantenburg DP, Crawford PM. Impact of the owner-pet and client-veterinarian bond on the care that pets receive. 

. 2008;232(4):531-540. doi:10.2460/javma.232.4.531

Brodbelt DC, Blissitt KJ, Hammond RA, etc. The risk of death: the confidential enquiry into perioperative small animal fatalities. 

. 2008;35(5):365-373. doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2008.00397.x

Redondo JI, Otero PE, Martínez-Taboada F, Doménech L, Hernández-Magaña EZ, Viscasillas J. Anaesthetic mortality in dogs: a worldwide analysis and risk assessment. 

. 2024;195(1):e3604. doi:10.1002/vetr.3604

Costa RS, Jones T, Robbins S, Stein A, Borns-Weil S. Gabapentin, melatonin, and acepromazine combination prior to hospital visits decreased stress scores in aggressive and anxious dogs in a prospective clinical trial. 

. 2023;261(11):1660-1665. doi:10.2460/javma.23.02.0067

Downing F, Gibson S. Anaesthesia of brachycephalic dogs. 

. 2018;59(12):725-733. doi:10.1111/jsap.12948

McNally EM, Robertson SA, Pablo LS. Comparison of time to desaturation between preoxygenated and nonpreoxygenated dogs following sedation with acepromazine maleate and morphine and induction of anesthesia with propofol. 

. 2009;70(11):1333-1338. doi:10.2460/ajvr.70.11.1333

Ambros B, Carrozzo MV, Jones T. Desaturation times between dogs preoxygenated via face mask or flow-by technique before induction of anesthesia. 

. 2018;45(4):452-458. doi:10.1016/j.vaa.2018.03.004

Bailey K, Briley J, Duffee L, et al. The American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia Small Animal Anesthesia and Sedation Monitoring Guidelines 2025. 

. 2025;52(4):377–385. doi:10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.015

Mitchell SL, McCarthy R, Rudloff E, Pernell RT. Tracheal rupture associated with intubation in cats: 20 cases (1996-1998). 

. 2000;216(10):1592-1595. doi:10.2460/javma.2000.216.1592

Raušer P, Novák L, Mrázová M. Influence of anaesthetics on aqueous tear production in dogs: a systematic review. 

. 2022;49(6):525-535. doi:10.1016/j.vaa.2022.08.007

Bedos L, Allbaugh RA, Roy M, Kubai MA, Sebbag L. Precorneal retention time of ocular lubricants measured with fluorophotometry in healthy dogs. 

. 2023;26(suppl 1):81-88. doi:10.1111/vop.13065

Articles

Administration methods and common complications are presented along with barriers and solutions for access to care.

Bite-sized pearls: Practical anesthesia tips for the dental patient

This year, California is increasing its focus on animal welfare, with several new protection laws that took effect on January 1, 2026. The measures span a range of reforms, from increased veterinary access to shelters to broadening the roles of veterinary technicians and assistants to improve access to care.

According to news reports, the legislation resulted from lobbying efforts by a coalition of advocacy groups led by the San Diego Humane Society.

Two of the laws—Assembly Bill (AB) 516 and Senate Bill (SB) 602—aim to expand shelter veterinary access. AB 516 allows registered veterinary technicians (RVTs) and veterinary assistants to perform any medical task they are not expressly prohibited from doing. Under the new law, RVTs are permitted to perform any work duties that do not involve surgery, diagnosis, prognosis, or prescribing medications. Supervising veterinarians will continue to have discretion over which tasks their staff may perform, even when those tasks are legally permitted. The bill further specifies that RVTs may carry out dental procedures, including extractions, under the supervision of a veterinarian licensed or authorized to practice in California.

Under SB 602, RVTs at animal shelters will be able to conduct essential appointments, such as vaccines and parasite control, without a supervising veterinarian physically present on-site. By removing the need for a veterinarian to be on-site for routine care, shelters might be able to reach more animals at a faster pace, according to Nina Thompson, director of public relations at the San Diego Humane Society.

This could, in turn, help relieve shelter capacity pressure by moving pets more quickly into homes. 

Currently, the San Diego Humane Society is facing an overcrowding crisis of dogs at their main campus, leading the organization to house dogs in some of their cat kennels.

Additional laws sponsored by the San Diego Humane Society include the following

 Prohibits pet brokers and other entities from selling animals bred by third parties or doing business in California. According to the San Diego Humane Society, the measure is intended to curb the sale of puppy mill dogs marketed as locally raised pets.

SB 312, Puppy Importation Transparency Act:

 Requires dog importers to digitally submit health certificates to the California Department of Food and Agriculture within 10 days of shipment. The certificates, which identify breeders and document the dog’s health, will be publicly accessible to help consumers and regulators identify unethical breeding and transport practices.

AB 506, Protecting Pets From Predatory Practices: 

Targets deceptive online pet sales by voiding certain contracts, including those requiring nonrefundable deposits or failing to disclose an animal’s origin before purchase. The law also requires sellers to issue refunds within 30 days if a puppy becomes unavailable.

“It’s so incredibly important to us that we look at the big picture,” Thompson said in a news video.

 “It’s not just about the micro here in San Diego County, it’s about the macro in the entire country.”

New animal-protection laws starting in California in 2026. NBC San Diego. December 29, 2025. Accessed January 13, 2026. https://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/local/new-california-animal-protection-laws-starting-in-2026/3953027/

Assembly Bill 516 veterinary staff duties. San Diego Humane Society. Accessed January 13, 2026. https://secure.sdhumane.org/site/DocServer/AB_516_Veterinary_Staff_Duties_Kalra_Fact_Sheet.pdf

Sklar D. Humane Society to benefit from year’s new animal welfare laws. The Alpine Sun. January 9, 2026. Accessed January 13, 2026. https://thealpinesun.com/humane-society-to-benefit-from-years-new-animal-welfare-laws/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CBy%20allowing%20Registered%20Veterinary%20Technicians,reach%20more%20animals%2C%20faster.%E2%80%9D

Five new animal welfare laws sponsored by San Diego Humane Society take effect Jan. 1, 2026. San Diego Humane Society. December 29, 2025. Accessed January 13, 2026. https://sdhumane.org/five-new-animal-welfare-laws-sponsored-by-san-diego-humane-society-take-effect-jan-1-2026-2/ 

Two of the new laws give shelters more veterinary flexibility.

California rolls out multiple new animal welfare reforms

Have you heard of virtual assistants and wondered what they could do for your clinic? Or, maybe you need some type of help but aren’t sure where to look. If so, this episode is for you!

, our host Adam Christman, DVM, MBA, welcomes Kelly Cronin, MBA, BS, CVT, PHR, VTS (ECC), VSPN, to the show to take a deep dive into virtual assistants to see whether they are really worth the hype in veterinary clinics through a breakdown of what they are, what they can do, and more.

Below is a partial transcript, edited lightly for clarity.

Let's back up and talk about the basic vocabulary. What are veterinary virtual assistants?

Kelly Cronin, MBA, BS, CVT, PHR, VTS (ECC), VSPN: 

Absolutely anything that you can imagine doing virtually, our virtual assistants can do. Honestly, it's one of those situations where now I've seen them in a couple of different roles. I've seen virtual assistants in scribing roles, like you mentioned. I've seen them in call center roles. I've seen them do client callbacks. I've seen them do organization of medical notes—you name it, they can do it. 

Honestly, we've had some virtual assistants, at this point, who have even helped stand up de novo practices. So, really brand-new practices help them create everything from templates to PIMS [Practice Information Management System] to putting in charges to applying for business licenses. Crazy stuff.

So they're physically not there at the practice, just so that we are all aware about this, right?

Right. They are online. When we're thinking about a virtual assistant, we're really thinking about someone who is joining virtually, either through a phone call, through a message channel like Slack or [Microsoft] Teams, or…through a video chat, like [Teams] or Zoom—any number of ways. But they're not physically in the practice.

Want to hear more of the conversation? You can listen to the whole thing at the top of this article, or wherever you listen to podcasts.

Podcasts

Discover how virtual assistants transform veterinary clinics by enhancing efficiency and support. 

Virtual assistants: Hype or help?

Vlad the Impaler, a 4-year-old tuxedo cat, is the opposite of his name, which comes from the infamous 15

 century ruler of current day Romanie, who was known for his brutality. So when Vlad suddenly started vomiting and stopped eating, his owners Danielle and David Hardt new something was not right immediately. Then, when he became extremely lethargic, another thing out of character for the playful and outgoing cat, they rushed him to their local veterinarians.

While with their veterinarian, he was treated for dehydration and nausea, but he did not improve, and the Hardt’s brought him to a local emergency hospital. As he continued to get worse within 24 hours, his owners made the decision to bring him to Texas A&M College of Veterinary medicine & Biomedical Sciences’ Small Animal Teaching Hospital (SATH).

Vlad the Impaler, a 4-year-old tuxedo cat, was treated at Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences’ Small Animal Teaching Hospital for a GI obstruction

Vlad was brought to SATH’s Emergency and Critical Care service where Shayna Doyle, DVM and Molly Haman,DVM, worked together with other professionals to diagnose and treat Vlad. He was very sick and dehydrated upon arrival and his bloodwork was similar to patients who have had an upper gastrointestinal obstruction.

 The bloodwork also indicated Vlad had a kidney injury.Through the night, Vlad became very weak and developed neurologic signs while in the emergency room. HE also started to have trouble breathing. Because of this, the team did not want him to go to surgery right away because of his critical condition.

The team performed X-rays that showed he may have a blockage, and an abdominal ultrasound revealed the exact location of the object lodged in his small intestine.

“The ultrasound confirmed Vlad had a foreign body obstruction,” Haman said, in an organizational release.

“It explained all his clinical signs and the complications he developed from having a foreign object stuck in his GI tract for 4 days. Unfortunately, his platelet count, or the number of cells that clot blood, was extremely low, making surgery risky.”

Since his ability to form clots was impaired, the team had to prepare Vlad special blood products in case he needed a transfusion as well as set up continuous blood pressure monitoring to keep a close watch on him. Vlad’s team then started a procedure to find the blockage.

While in surgery, his team found the source of his blockage, a wine cork. The team said they found little pieces of cork material in his intestine and since the owner’s drink wine, they believe Vlad got into a cork that was left outside in the backyard.

 The cork had completely blocked Vlad’s intestine, but did not damage his intestinal wall and the tissue was healthy enough to be fixed. The team removed the cork, cleaned his belly to prevent infection, and then placed several stitches before moving him to intensive care to begin his recover journey.

Even though Vlad had a bumpy journey, he gradually regained his strength and became a favorite at the hospital. He stayed for about 10 days at the hospital and his bloodwork returned to normal, he regained his appetite and was determined to be strong enough to go home.

Now, Vlad is fully recovered and back to his normal self.

“He plays fetch with little sparkle balls and drops them in our hands like a dog,” David said. “He’ll climb — the other day he had to be a good 30 feet up in one of our oak trees. He just runs up there and runs back down. He recovered like absolutely nothing happened,” he said. “All his fur grew back in, and he’s had a 100% rebound.”

Dunn M. Texas A&M Veterinary Team Saves Cat From Life-Threatening Blockage Caused By Wine Cork. VMBS News. Published December 16, 2025. Accessed January 13, 2026. 

https://vetmed.tamu.edu/news/press-releases/texas-am-saves-cat-from-blockage/

Vlad the Impaler was brought to Texas A&M after presenting to his local veterinarian and emergency room with vomiting, lack of appetite, and lethargy. 

Uncorking a gastrointestinal blockage

A drug in development for healthy lifespan extension in senior canines has reached a new milestone on the path toward potential FDA approval. The conditional approval application for the drug LOY-002, created by Loyal, has had its target animal safety (TAS) technical section accepted by the federal agency, according to the biotechnology animal health company.

The drug’s application has now received acceptance for 2 of 3 major technical sections required for market launch, according to Loyal.

 The FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine previously granted the application a 

; its manufacturing section will need to be accepted before conditional approval can be considered.

“As a veterinarian, what I care about most, especially when it involves preventive care, is safety,” Ellen Ratcliff, DVM, vice president of clinical and veterinary medicine at Loyal, said in a news release.

 “The FDA’s sign off on this submission is an important vote of confidence in our mission to develop safe and effective lifespan extension drugs for dogs.”

Loyal anticipates the final major technical section to be reviewed in 2027.

 Brennen McKenzie, VMD, MSc, MA, director of veterinary medicine for Loyal, said the mechanical section of LOY-002’s application is in progress. “Full approval would follow after completion of the STAY study, which is the pivotal effectiveness trial required to support a future full [new animal drug application] approval,” he said in a 

LOY-002 is a prescription daily pill that targets age-related metabolic dysfunction and is designed to improve quality of life in canines 10 years and older, weighing at least 14 lb.

 “The metabolic dysfunction that all dogs experience as they age is a critical risk factor for many of the health problems that impact senior dogs. By improving metabolic health, we believe LOY-002 will extend not only lifespan but [also] health span—the time that dogs are healthy and still able to enjoy their favorite activities and time with their human family,” McKenzie said.

The submission for TAS acceptance included evidence from several scientific investigations. “Among these was a safety study conducted at the standard 1-, 3-, and 5-times dose strengths, with no clinically significant adverse events observed at these doses,” McKenzie said. “Safety has been a central focus of LOY-002’s development from the outset. Preventive therapies that are prescribed to otherwise healthy dogs require a very high safety bar, and we are pleased that the FDA agrees that the data support LOY-002’s safety for the proposed conditions of use.”

Scientific evidence also included the ongoing 

 which completed patient enrollment with 1300 dogs at 70 veterinary clinics across the US in July 2025.

“We evaluated field safety data from 400 dogs enrolled in the STAY study. The FDA then reviewed our submission and determined that LOY-002’s data support the drug's safety for the proposed conditions of use,” McKenzie added.

“In both the standard safety study and the field data from STAY, a wide range of data were collected. The dogs were closely monitored, including regular examinations and laboratory testing,” he continued. 

The data submitted to the FDA included information from dogs given LOY-002 for up to 1 year, and patients with a variety of ongoing medical conditions and other treatments commonly seen in senior dogs were included. The agency agreed that these data support the conclusion that LOY-002 is safe for its intended use.

If LOY-002 is ultimately approved by the FDA, it would be the agency’s first drug approval for lifespan extension in any species, Loyal noted. As it stands, the drug received the first known safety acceptance for a lifespan extension drug from the FDA with TAS support.

“Since founding Loyal 6 years ago, my goal has always been to get the first drug FDA approved for lifespan extension. This safety acceptance brings us very close to achieving that vision.” Celine Halioua, founder and CEO of Loyal, said in a news release.

 “We are well on our way to bringing the first dog longevity drugs to market.”

Loyal receives FDA acceptance of safety package for senior dog lifespan extension drug. News release. Loyal. January 13, 2026. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20260113476778/en/Loyal-Receives-FDA-Acceptance-of-Safety-Package-for-Senior-Dog-Lifespan-Extension-Drug 

Crossley KC. Second drug for canine healthy lifespan extension receives FDA support. 

. February 26, 2025. Accessed January 13, 2026. 

https://www.dvm360.com/view/second-drug-for-canine-healthy-lifespan-extension-receives-fda-support

Crossley KC. Clinical trial for longevity drug meets goal of enrolling 1000 dogs. 

. April 14, 2025. Accessed January 13, 2026. 

https://www.dvm360.com/view/clinical-trial-for-longevity-drug-meets-goal-of-enrolling-1000-dogs

Loyal’s application for drug approval is another step closer to potential approval through the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine. 