A case of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in domestic birds in Puerto Rico has been reported. This marks the first instance of the virus in domestic birds in Puerto Rico since the onset of the outbreak in February 2022.

The United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) confirmed the detection of the virus in a backyard poultry flock in Puerto Rico on January 13, 2025. Flock samples were confirmed positive for HPAI after testing at the APHIS National Veterinary Services Laboratories in Ames, Iowa, according to an APHIS announcement.

Further surveillance and testing in regions around the affected flock are being conducted by the APHIS and the Puerto Rico Department of Agriculture as part of ongoing avian influenza response plans, according to the agency.

“The United States has the strongest [artificial intelligence (AI)] surveillance program in the world, and USDA is working with its partners to actively look for the disease in commercial poultry operations, live bird markets and in migratory wild bird populations,” wrote the APHIS in its release.

Findings will be reported by the USDA to the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) and its international trading partners. “USDA also continues to communicate with trading partners to encourage adherence to WOAH standards and minimize trade impacts,” the release continued.

WOAH trade guidelines encourage countries to base trade restrictions on sound science. These guidelines also ask countries to limit restrictions, when possible, to specific regions and animals, as well as animal products that present a risk of disease spread. They also advise against banning international poultry trade in reaction to cases in nonpoultry species.

APHIS advised in its announcement that those engaged in poultry production, including both small backyard and large commercial producers, assess their biosecurity activity and practice good biosecurity habits. The agency also urged all bird owners to avoid contact between their birds and wild birds, and report ill birds or unusual bird deaths to state and/or federal officials through their state veterinarian or APHIS at 1-866-536-7593.

“APHIS urges producers to consider bringing birds indoors, when possible, to further prevent exposures. The Animal Health Protection Act authorizes APHIS to provide indemnity payments to producers for birds and eggs that must be depopulated during a disease response,” wrote the APHIS in the release.

 “APHIS also provides compensation for disposal activities and virus elimination activities. Additional information on biosecurity for backyard flocks can be found on 

Currently, the public health risk from avian influenza is low, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

 Avian influenza activity in humans is being monitored by the CDC with flu surveillance systems.

As of January 10, 2025, 133,910,844 poultry and 924 dairy herds have been affected by HPAI. Fifty states have had outbreaks in poultry, with 16 seeing outbreaks in dairy cows. As of January 7, 2025, HPAI has been detected in 10,948 wild birds. In wild birds, the virus has been confirmed in 51 jurisdictions, according to the CDC.

USDA confirms highly pathogenic avian influenza in backyard non-poultry flock in Puerto Rico. News release. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. January 13, 2025. Accessed January 13, 2025. 

https://www.aphis.usda.gov/news/agency-announcements/usda-confirms-highly-pathogenic-avian-influenza-backyard-non-poultry-2#:~:text=This%20is%20the%20first%20case,Services%20Laboratories%20in%20Ames%2C%20Iowa

H5 bird flu: Current situation. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed January 13, 2025. 

https://www.cdc.gov/bird-flu/situation-summary/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/avian-flu-summary.htm

Articles

The agency is urging producers to keep birds inside when possible

USDA reports Puerto Rico's first case of avian influenza in domestic birds during current outbreak

Weave Products360

Hey everyone, welcome to Product360. Doctor Adam Christman, Chief Veterinary Officer here, and we want to thank our friends at Weave because we got a lot to chat about. We got Sydney Samuels in the house, Director of Sales at Weave, and we thank you so much for being here.

 Thank you for having us. Happy to be here.

 Listen, we're busy. So much is happening. So, we're gonna chat a little bit about that, but beforehand, tell us a little bit about Weave in general.

Weave is able to consolidate your business phone solution inside the office along with whatever texting solution you guys already have. Appointment reminders. Vaccine reminders. We're going to put everything all in one place to help save time.

 You're on the human side too? Medical? Dental?

 Correct. Optometry, ophthalmology, plastic surgery. We service a lot of industries.

 And what does that look like in the veterinary space?

 It translates wonderfully because you guys are probably our busiest vertical honestly that we work with. We've designed it to help you guys save time.

We are able to integrate our business phone inside the office with our Weave phones. They're going to be able to integrate into your PRIME system that they're currently utilizing. It's gonna be able to scan through, pull up the client that's calling in, upcoming or overdue vaccines, unconfirmed appointments, all of it.

 I love that when a client is calling, it already pulls up their medical record. How cool is that? It's anticipating a little bit. So, I know when I call my practice up, they'll say, oh, it looks like Connor’s due for his rabies vaccine. How did you know? Time is saved instead of flipping through the computer system.

 Or flipping through different screens. It always comes in one.

 That's exactly right. I love it, OK? And what about missed appointments or missed calls? I know it goes to a text message, right?

 That’s actually called our missed call text. So, every single missed phone call with Weave, you guys are actually going to be able to get a missed call text. It's customized to say whatever you want for during office hours versus after office hours. It’s going to come from the practice phone number though, so it's not some random number. Have you ever gotten an appointment reminder where you’re like, “who is this?” All of our texting reminders, vaccines, missed call texts, is going to come from the practice phone number.

 Excellent. Now is there a mobile app component to it?

Of course, of course. Yes, I just happen to have a record up. This is our mobile app. It's going to be able to show all of your phone calls, which are recorded. If people take after-hour emergencies, it's going to be right here. You're going to be able to view your schedule and again, if you need to call or text a client, it's all going to come from the practice number.

That's excellent. Can you do a demonstration for us and walk us through it?

 So with Weave, you're gonna have your business phone system that Weave is able to provide. As soon as a client calls, I'm assuming most of your staff is asking the “hi, what's your first name? Pet’s name?” All of that. With Weave, It's actually gonna be able to pull up all this information as soon as the client calls in. Now the conversation is “Hello, Sydney. How are you doing?” 

You're able to click into these pets and actually see overdue vaccines just right here as soon as you answer the phone. You're going to be able to look at upcoming and overdue appointments as well, appointments that haven't been confirmed yet. So, “Hey, are you looking to confirm your appointment that's coming up on December 11th at 11:15?” All of the phone calls, text messages, are all gonna be documented and saved within the client as well. Phone calls can be recorded. Only admins can listen back to phone calls as we know. And so that's all going to be documented and saved within Weave as well.

Well, what about a missed call? I'm calling the clinic. What happens?

Well, I mean, no one has time to get back to every single phone call, right? It’s almost impossible. So, you can go ahead and hang up that phone call. We all know 80% of people aren't going to leave you a voicemail anymore, OK? We’re all kind of lazy, especially in the vet industry. If you don't answer, I’m going to keep calling until you pick up. With Weave, you will get a missed call text that is designed to say whatever you guys want for during office hours versus after office hours.

 So, it currently says, “Sorry, I missed your call. I’m currently assisting another customer. Please text me and let me know how I can assist you. Sydney Samuels.”

 OK, I'm going to say rabies vaccine appointment for Carl.

Perfect. So again, all of our text messages are actually going to be notified right away up on the screen. If you don't have Weave open, you're going to be notified right away that you have a text. It's going to hover over whatever you are doing. You can reply back there, or you can click into our text messages.

Weave is also customizable so you can actually make this platform a little bit bigger and it becomes a little bit more feature rich as well. All of our techs are in here. I can respond back and am going to say “hi” to be a little bit quicker. True to texting, all the texting comes from the practice phone number. If you need to tag someone else in this message—so hey, this is actually more of a doctor question—you can tag different people. They're also going to be notified that they have a text they need to respond back to. You're going to be notified on your mobile app.

That's really neat. OK, so this is awesome. What about the payment system?

 Weave is also able to consolidate your merchant solution. We’re gonna be able to provide a terminal for the location, of course. Everything's a flat rate, whether they pay with MasterCard, Visa, etc. We also have a text to pay solution, so text to pay online bill pay. I can kind of show you what it looks like. So, I can see that this patient still has not paid. We’re going to try to collect payment from them. We can use text to pay, a card saved on file. All of this information is just right here.

Yeah, I mean, we love to invoice our clients out in the exam room, and this is how you can do it, right?

AI is huge. Are there any AI integration components in Weave?

 Of course. Quite a few things that we do actually with AI. One of our newest releases is our call intelligence. Since all of our phone calls are recorded, Weave can listen back to your phone calls with our AI tool. 

It’s going to identify missed scheduling opportunities. It can create tasks for stuff like billing questions or get on a quick fill list or an ASAP list if the appointment wasn’t soon enough. All of that information will be in here and this is actionable. You can click into these and be able to see customer sentiment: if they were happy, calling about an emergency, and so forth. It's going to give you a breakdown of what happened on that call instead of actually having to listen back to it all on the phone.

Yeah, that's really smart. Excellent. Sydney, this has been fantastic. Thank you for being here.

. However, we're also going to put a QR code in here. So please scan it and you’ll be directed to book a demo through Weave.

 I love it. Thank you so much and thank you to Weave for supporting this great conversation. We’ll see you next time right here on Product360. Take care, everybody.

Videos

How Weave's all-in-one phone system is saving veterinary practices time with making appointments, vaccine reminders, missed calls, and more. 

Streamlining the office phone system

 in the veterinary profession plays a key role in improving pet care standards and supporting the development of veterinary professionals. By promoting a culture of innovation and growth, leaders in this sector can influence the direction of pet healthcare.

The Schwarzman Animal Medical Center (AMC) in New York, New York announced the addition of 13 new senior veterinarians earlier this season.

 The following individuals are among those accomplished 13:

Whitney Phipps, DVM, DACVS-SA. (Photos courtesy of Schwarzman Animal Medical Center)

Board certified by the American College of Veterinary Surgeons, Phipps’ specialty consists of soft tissue, orthopedic, and minimally invasive surgery. Following her undergraduate degree from Washington University in St Louis and her veterinary degree from the University of Missouri, College of Veterinary Medicine, Phipps went on to complete a small animal and surgery rotating internship at the Angell Animal Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts.

Thereafter, she completed a specialty surgical internship at Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists as well as a small animal surgery residency at Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine in Worcester County, Massachusetts.

Watko has a passion for various aspects of radiology, particularly neuroimaging and oncologic imaging, and is developing a growing interest in musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). She is board-certified by the American College of Veterinary Radiology (ACVR).

Watko earned her undergraduate degree from the University of Vermont and her DVM from the University of Glasglow in Glasglow, Scotland. She completed her rotating internship at VCA South Shore-Weymouth, in Weymouth, Massachusetts, and a specialty diagnostic imaging internship at MedVet Indianapolis. Watko also completed diagnostic imaging residency training at the University of Florida.

Paws and profits: Recent veterinary appointments

A graduate of Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine, Wild is interested in special species/exotics and abdominal ultrasonography. She completed internships at Georgia Veterinary Specialists and Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists before undertaking an academic diagnostic imaging residency at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Wild is board-certified by ACVR.

Specializing in integrative and rehabilitative medicine, Tsai obtained his veterinary degree from the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana. He completed a rotating small animal internship at Animal Specialty Group in Los Angeles.

Tsai spent many years working in general medicine. Later on, he found his interest in integrative medicine and physical rehabilitation for all pets and completed a specialty internship and residency in rehabilitation and sports medicine at AMC. Tsai was raised in Taiwan and serves in the United States Army Reserve as a Veterinary Corps Officer.

Paws and profits: Promotions and appointments in the veterinary industry

Winkel earned her Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree from Michigan State University in 2009 and completed a Master’s in Public Health at the University of Minnesota in 2010. From 2009 to 2014, she served as an active-duty captain in the US Army Veterinary Corps.

Following her military service, Andrea completed her residency at Texas A&M University. With experience in caring for exotic pet species, like big cats and hummingbirds, Winkel’s specialty is avian and exotic pets.

Schwarzman Animal Medical Center Welcomes Over a Dozen New Senior Veterinarians in New York City, Adding to a World-Class Medical Team Working Across 20+ Specialties. News release. Schwarzman Animal Medical Center. November 1, 2024. Accessed January 10, 2025. [email]

Check out the latest news in the veterinary industry with these 5 recent position promotions

Paws and profits: Veterinary appointments in the profession

Keeping pets and livestock safe during a wildfire is critical for any animal owner. As wildfires continue to burn in California and Arizona, emergency experts and care specialists are providing advice to other veterinary professionals, which can be communicated to pet owners to help ensure the safety and survival of patients and other animals. They also share insights about patients affected by wildfires. 

An evacuation should be planned in advance. According to Schwarzman Animal Medical Center (AMC) in New York, New York, veterinary teams and clients should already know the nearest pet-friendly shelters, hotels, and boarding facilities when a disaster unfolds. A clear evacuation route should also be created and shared with the entire household.

Pet collars should be checked for proper identification (ID) and microchip information kept updated. A current address, phone number or other contact information should be attainable be a rescuer in the event a pet is separated from the owner during a disaster like a wildfire.

, Karen Roach, RVT, VTS (ECC), a team trainer at Mount Laurel Animal Hospital in New Jersey, said microchipping is not limited to companion animals. “I know we don't often like to microchip our horses and goats, but that might not be a bad idea to have some kind of ID on our pets [and] livestock,” she added.

Pet owners should know where to look for their animals, as they may retreat to a familiar hiding place if stressed. Additionally, carriers and leashes must be readily available for a quick evacuation. The AMC team and Roach were aligned in the recommendation that pets should be practiced in getting into carriers to reduce stress and transport time during an emergency.

“Have your pet used to being able to be scooped up and shoved in the car really fast,” Roach said. “For cats, especially, that can be hard to do.”

Roach suggested having the pet’s crate or carrier frequently in view so that the animal gets familiar with it. “Put bedding in there, put treats in there. So they know it's kind of a safe space, [and] if you have to put them in there, it's not going to be a big shock,” she added.

Assembling an emergency kit that can be grabbed quickly in the event of an evacuation is recommended by Roach, as well as the veterinary team at AMC. Roach noted that lists of what to include in a pet emergency kit vary and examples can be found online. As one example, she and the AMC team collectively suggested including the following items in an emergency kit1:

Pet first aid kit for treating minor injuries

Important documents including vaccination history and a recent photo in a waterproof bag

Image courtesy of Schwarzman Animal Medical Center

“What's going on in California right now, there's high winds, so that fire is going so fast, and that's terrifying,” Roach noted. “So being prepared ahead of time and being able to get your animals scooped into the car [is critical].”

However, in some instances, Roach said owners may need to simply provide opportunity for animals to run from danger themselves, by eliminating barriers such as gates. “Sometimes that's what you have to do, especially if you have animals that you can't just throw in your car. You might need to just let them loose, let them get out of the way on their own, and find them later,” Roach said.

Mary Anne Evans, BS, CVT, VTS (ECC), an intensive care unit nursing supervisor at Mount Laurel Animal Hospital, said smoke inhalation often occurs with house fires and wildfires, in 

. With this type of respiratory distress, she said, “you see them physically having struggles with breathing.” Supplying oxygen and allowing time to heal are key to treating smoke inhalation.

“Respiratory cases are some of the tougher cases for us to see, because that is something that we can outwardly see our patients struggle with. Oxygen support is the main and most important part of that treatment,” Evans said.

In the event of a local disaster event, a large influx of affected animals may arrive at a veterinary care facility, Roach advised. Improvisation may be needed to manage the caseload. As an example, Roach shared was an experience she had working at an emergency hospital in Nova Scotia, Canada, where she was part of a team that treated felines coming from an apartment fire. 

“We only had very limited oxygen cages, and the firemen just kept bringing us cats all day long, because they kept going back in the building and finding more. At one point, we had cat carriers on the counter with clear plastic garbage bags around them and an oxygen tube running in, because we had to ‘MacGyver’ up some oxygen cages. These animals needed it,” Roach said.

In the field, Deb Zoran, DVM, PhD, MS, director of the Veterinary Emergency Team at Texas A&M University, has seen her share of wildfire-related injuries in animals. In 2024, she led a team of veterinary volunteers to the Smokehouse Creek wildfire in Texas, and treated patients there that mostly required care for burns.

“Animals that escaped the fire were found in canyons or were found running loose. We had horses, we had donkeys, we had a lot of cattle… We had some burned horses that managed to escape enough of the fire that they just needed a little bit of burn care,” 

. “We had some fire cats that escaped. Ranchers would go back to their burned-out barns and would find the cats…Fire cats are amazing. They're very resilient survivors. If you can give them some burn care, they do really, really well.”

Veterinary teams can help keep patients safe by educating clients on disaster preparedness and evacuation recommendations. These professionals can also prepare the clinic with supplies and resources to treat animals affected by wildfire for cases that include smoke inhalation and burns.

Pet emergency tips from the Schwarzman Animal Medical Center. Schwarzman Animal Medical Center. January 10, 2025.

Emergency care experts weigh in on wildfire safety for pets with advice for evacuation planning and treatment needs

Tips to help prepare clients and the veterinary team for a disaster situation

Pet Poison Helpline, a toxicology resource offering pet health advice, has released its annual “Top 10 Pet Poisons” for 2024. The list, according to the organization, is based on actual caller data.

Renee Schmid, DVM, DABT, DABVT, a senior veterinary toxicologist and director of Veterinary Medicine at Pet Poison Helpline explained that the 2024 list is similar to that of 

, with small changes in the order of the toxins. “Although there are thousands of potential toxins, some items rise to the top of the list every year,” said Schmid in an organizational release.

 Differences between cats and dogs, however, are still stark.

For cats, the Top 10 Pet Poisons of 2024 were as follows

The top 10 toxins to dogs in 2024 were as follows

“As you can see, the list of Top 10 Pet Poisons for cats is significantly different than it is for dogs,” said Schmid in the release.

 “The biggest difference is that specific lilies are extremely dangerous to cats, while chocolate is the biggest temptation for dogs, based on the calls received to our call center.”

According to Schmid, bromethalin, a neurotoxic rodenticide used for killing rodents, moved up the Top 10 list for dogs, with the poison moving from fifth place in 2023 to third place in 2024. “Carprofen also moved up one place from tenth to ninth. Carprofen calls are predominantly due to the wrong pet ingesting the medication or an overdose occurring, not from normal therapeutic use,” said Schmid.

Marijuana (cannabis) continues to be in the top 10 poisons for dogs. Exposure to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) substantially increased as the legalization of medical and recreational marijuana expanded across states. From 2019 to 2023, Pet Poison Helpline saw a 430% increase in marijuana-related calls.

However, for the first time in 6 years, pet exposure to marijuana dropped, with Pet Poison Helpline observing a 24.7% decrease in marijuana-related calls in 2024 compared to the previous year. “We’ve done a significant amount of educational outreach around the dangers of THC exposure, so I’d like to think our efforts helped move the needle in the right direction,” said Schmid in the release.

“Even if you don’t use marijuana, your pet can still be exposed,” Schmid continued. “We’ve seen cases where dogs have gotten into a neighbor’s pot brownies, or a visitor brings a THC-infused treat into a pet’s environment without the owner’s knowledge. Based on our call data, dogs are far more likely to be attracted to marijuana than cats.”

According to a survey of veterinarians in North America, common clinical signs of THC toxicity include urinary incontinence, disorientation, drunken gait, lethargy, hyperesthesia, and low heart rate.

 Pets may also exhibit tremors and seizures with cases of synthetic marijuana exposure.

More serious symptoms of THC toxicity include a coma with a low respiratory rate, seizures, or an absent gag reflex.

 Patients generally exhibit clinical signs of marijuana poisoning within 30 minutes to several hours following exposure. Symptoms can persist for up to 72 hours.

The #1 toxin in cats, lilies have a severe toxicity level, according to Pet Poison Helpline.

 Common signs of lily ingestion include vomiting, anorexia, and kidney failure. Lilies belonging to the genera 

 pose the highest mortality risk if ingested. Even consuming small amounts, such as fewer than 1 to 2 petals or leaves, or ingesting pollen or water from the vase can cause severe, acute kidney failure.

Ninety-five percent of the calls Pet Poison Helpline receives for chocolate toxicity come from canine patients.

 According to the organization, cats who ingest chocolate typically do not consume enough amounts to cause a serious concern. The toxicity of chocolate increases the darker and less sweet the chocolate is. Baker's chocolate and dark chocolate have the highest toxicity risk. Meanwhile, white chocolate poses the least risk.

Methylxanthines chemicals, which include theobromine and caffeine, are found in chocolate, which is what makes the product toxic to pets. In severe cases, toxicity can lead to death, although it is rare if pets receive quick treatment.

Top 10 pet poisons of 2024. News release. Pet Poison Helpline. January 8, 2025. Accessed January 10, 2025. [email]

Kline S. Marijuana toxicosis in pets. Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine. January 17, 2023. Accessed January 10, 2025. 

https://vet.tufts.edu/news-events/news/marijuana-toxicosis-pets#:~:text=A%20recent%20survey%20of%20veterinarians,seizures%20may%20also%20be%20reported

Amissah RQ, Vogt NA, Chen C, Urban K, Khokhar J. Prevalence and characteristics of cannabis-induced toxicoses in pets: Results from a survey of veterinarians in North America. 

Lilies. Pet Poison Helpline. Accessed January 10, 2025. 

https://www.petpoisonhelpline.com/poison/lilies/

Chocolate. Pet Poison Helpline. Accessed January 10, 2025. 

https://www.petpoisonhelpline.com/poison/chocolate/

Marijuana ingestion in dogs fell for the first time in 6 years

Top 10 Pet Poisons of 2024 are announced

A recent study from the Dog Aging Project (DAP) at Texas A&M University and investigators at Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine showed that when it comes to owners choosing diets for the dog, owner age makes a bigger difference than education or income of the owner.

Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association,

collected information from more than 40,000 dog owners regarding their age, education, income, and if they live in a rural, suburban, or urban environment. The data collected from owners was in addition to dog demographic information that was collected, where researchers asked about the pet's age, breed, diet, size, and whether or not the dog attended annual wellness visits with their veterinarian.

The findings showed that 82% of participating owners fed their dog a commercially prepared extruded dry diet as the primary component with 89% stating they fed their dog a consistent diet over time. When it came to demographic factors, income and education level were not as correlated with difference in diet choices, but owner age correlated with choice of food. When it came to younger owners, they tended to feed their dog more kibble compared to older owners.

“Sometimes we do studies related to dog demographic factors — like breed, size and age — that we think influence the diets that owners feed their dogs. But if we don’t consider the owner’s demographic factors, we might not be looking at a complete picture,” explained Katie Tolbert, DVM, PhD, DACVIM (SAIM, Nutrition), an associate professor in the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences’ Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, in the release.

“For example, we found that older pets are more likely than younger animals to be fed a canned or home-cooked diet,” she said. “Without considering the owner, we might assume that this choice is a result of dog age. But now we have data suggesting that it might be that older dogs are more likely to have older owners, and they are making decisions based on what they believe are healthier choices for their dog that have nothing to do with the dog’s age,” she continued.

The findings also showed that highly active dogs, working dogs, or those living in rural environments were more likely to be fed home-prepared raw or cooked diets when fed something besides kibble. On the opposite side, dogs that live in urban areas were more likely to be fed canned, commercial raw or home cooked diets when given something other than kibble.

“The point of this study was to show that we need to consider information about both the dog and their owner when assessing why a dog is fed a particular diet,” Tolbert concluded.

 “This will make sure that we continue to support canine health with the most accurate information possible.”

DAP is a collaborative community that enrolls companion dogs from all different backgrounds throughout the United States for scientist driven research projects to study the effects of aging as well as to get a better understanding of what can help canine patients live a long and healthy life. According to the organizational release, the research projects conducted by DAP have led to studies that have improved both canine and human health, thanks to the 50,000 dogs that have been enrolled in the program.

DAP is still enrolling pet dogs of all ages, breed types, and healthy or sick, from all 50 states. Anyone interested in enrolling their pet can visit the DAP website.

Price C. New Study Reveals Link Between Owner Demographics And Canine Nutrition. Texas A&M Today. Published December 6, 2024. Accessed January 10, 2025. 

https://today.tamu.edu/2024/12/06/study-links-owner-demographics-canine-nutrition/

O’Brien JS, M. Katherine Tolbert, Dog Aging Project Consortium, Ruple A. Dog and owner demographics impact dietary choices in Dog Aging Project cohort. 

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

. 2024;262(12):1-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.05.0358

The Dog Aging Project recently discovered owner age has a bigger influencer over their pet’s diet than education or income 